Chicago Style is a writing style used in academia to cite and reference sources. It is mainly used in the humanities, such as history, philosophy, literature, and the arts. This style is closely related to the Modern Language Association (MLA) and American Psychological Association (APA) styles. Chicago Style is also known as Turabian Style, named after its author Kate Turabian, who wrote the widely used and influential book A Manual for Writers of Research Papers, Theses, and Dissertations.
There are two main types of Chicago Style: Notes-Bibliography and Author-Date. The Notes-Bibliography system is commonly used in the humanities and is used to cite sources with footnotes or endnotes. In this system, the bibliography is a list of all the sources used in the paper, and the notes are the citations that appear at the bottom of the page. On the other hand, the Author-Date system is typically used in the sciences, and instead of footnotes or endnotes, the citations appear in the text of the paper.
In the Notes-Bibliography system, the citations include the author’s name, title, and publication information. The citations also provide page numbers to help the reader find the information in the source. The bibliography is usually the last page of the paper and includes the same information as the citations, but also includes the URL or DOI if the source was found online. In the Author-Date system, the author’s name is included in the text of the paper, followed by the year of publication in parentheses.
Regardless of which type of Chicago Style you use, you should always consult the manual to ensure your citations are correct. The manual also includes guidance on formatting and organization. Chicago Style is a useful tool for citing and referencing sources, and understanding the two types of Chicago Style can help you create high-quality papers.
Exploring the Variations of the Chicago Style of Writing
Chicago style of writing is a system of formatting and citation used by many writers and students. It is based on guidelines issued by the University of Chicago Press and is widely used in academic and professional writing. The Chicago style of writing has two main variations – the Notes-Bibliography System and the Author-Date System.
The Notes-Bibliography System is the traditional method of citing sources. It requires the use of footnotes or endnotes to document sources. Footnotes include a citation number at the end of the sentence that refers to a source listed at the bottom of the page while endnotes are citations that appear at the end of the document. The endnotes list all the sources used throughout the document.
The Author-Date System is a more concise style of citing sources. It requires the author’s last name, the year of publication, and the page number (if applicable) in parentheses after the cited material. The source is then listed in a bibliography at the end of the document, including all the sources used throughout the document. The Author-Date System is often used in the social sciences.
Both variations of the Chicago Style of Writing use the same formatting guidelines. This includes double-spacing all text, using 1-inch margins on all sides of the page, and using a 12-point font size. The Title Page should also include the title of the document, the author’s name, and the date.
The following table summarizes the differences between the two variations of the Chicago Style of Writing:
| Variation | Notes-Bibliography System | Author-Date System |
|---|---|---|
| Citation Style | Footnotes or Endnotes | Author’s Last Name, Year of Publication, and Page Number (if applicable) |
| Source List | Endnotes List | Bibliography |
No matter which variation of the Chicago Style of Writing you choose to use, it is important to adhere to the guidelines issued by the University of Chicago Press for consistency. It is also important to remember that both variations require that sources be listed in a bibliography at the end of the document.
Distinguishing the Two Types of Chicago Style: Note-Bibliography & Author-Date
The Chicago Manual of Style (CMOS) is used by many publishers, editors, and students to write and edit documents. CMOS has two distinct citation systems – Note-Bibliography and Author-Date.
Note-Bibliography, also known as “Notes and Bibliography”, is the most commonly used citation style within the humanities. This style uses endnotes or footnotes to cite sources. These notes are numbered consecutively and appear as either footnotes or endnotes. All sources cited within the paper appear in a bibliography at the end of the document.
In contrast, the Author-Date system is used mainly for citing scientific and social sciences materials. This style uses in-text citations with a parenthetical citation in the body of the document. The source information for the in-text citation is given in parentheses and includes the author’s last name, year of publication, and page number (if applicable). All sources cited within the paper appear in a reference list at the end of the document.
- Humanities and Liberal Arts
- Endnotes or Footnotes
- Bibliography at end
- Scientific and Social Sciences
- In-text citations with parenthetical citation
- Reference list at end
The two types of Chicago style are Notes-Bibliography style and Author-Date style.
The main difference between the two styles is that Notes-Bibliography style requires the use of footnotes or endnotes for in-text citations, while Author-Date style uses parenthetical citations within the text.
The Chicago Style can be used for published works, including books, magazines, newspapers, and websites.
The purpose of the Chicago Style is to provide a consistent and uniform format for citing sources in academic and professional writing.
The Chicago Style requires consistent use of font, margins, indentation, and capitalization.
It depends on the type of Chicago Style you are using. For Notes-Bibliography style, footnotes or endnotes are required for in-text citations. For Author-Date style, parenthetical citations within the text are used.
No, Chicago style is used in many countries around the world.
The Chicago Style can be used for all types of works, including books, journals, magazines, newspapers, websites, and more.
Yes, the Chicago Style requires a separate bibliography at the end of the paper.
Yes, the Chicago Style has specific rules for citing electronic sources such as websites, blogs, and databases.